Pump or prime mover



Oct. 23, 1923.

, 1,471,320 F. L. ANTIsELl.

PUMP on PRIME MovER Filed'July` s, 1920 2 sheets-sheet 1 "Br 2` M JA Arron r Panarea ne. as, ieee.

f entre srarss naar' csi! tenere FRANK L. ANTISELL, or rnern manor, Nnwannsnv.

PU'IWIP 0E PRIME MOVER.

Application filed AJuly 3,

To all 'wko/m, t may concern.

Be it known that I, FRANK L. AN'risnLn, a

lcitizen of the United States, and a resident of Perth Amboy, county of Middlesex, State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Pumps or lPrime Movers which are especially designed walls in an ordinary piston cylinder, thusv necessitating the use of lubrication and giving rise to many difficulties when corrosive liquids orV excessively hot fluids are used in such a piston cylinder. Y, Y

One of the objects 'of my invention is tc so construct and arrange a device that maybe used as a pump, compressor, or prime mover, without friction occurring` between the element corresponding to a cylinder and the element corresponding to the piston thereof.

Another object of my invention is to provide a device of this character with which l can handle corrosive and abrasive fluids or excessively hot gases or superheated steam.

Another object of my invention is to provide a device which may be advantageously lused to operate upon or be operated by viscous materials. Another object of the invention is' to provide a device that may be used in connection with solutions and gases of very high temperatures and to do away with the necessity of water-jacketing when handling materials at high temperatures.

Another object of the invention is to prevent a waste of heat when handling hot mediums. l

It will be obvious vas the description proceeds, that the device is particularly suitable for use as a pump, especially when pumping chemical solutions, but ythat it may also be' used with slight modificationfas a prime'- The invention willbe clearly understood from the following description in connec-` tion with the accompanying drawings which illustrate one `embodiment of the invention.`

. It is tobe understood that various changes the expansion spring 17.

192e. serial n5393358.

l and modifications may be .made in the device without departing fromthe spirit or's'cope of the vinvention as set forth in the claims.

In the following drawings, in which the same reference characters referto like parts,

Fig. 1 is a vertical section of a bodyin-g myfinvention. f

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the stationary' element.,

device em'- Y Yc5 Fig. 3 is a section onan enlarged scale of a portion ofthe stationary andmovable elements. y

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing a modification of the means for operating the.

movableV element.

ini-the drawings, reference character yl refers to a hollow/*casing in which the` principal operative elements of the"V device are mounted. The casing 1 has an outlet 2 onv one` side "thereof, and is provided with a number of arms 3V` along the -top thereof, which arms rigidly support a bearing 4. 1

' On the inside'of the ycasing 1 is fiXedly-'located a member 5, which has a'smoothv or flat-f portion 'near its center,"and surrounding said central portionv 6 there is a seriesl of grooves 7 separated from each other by walls or projections' Shaving lconcentrically arranged sides. Anfinlet 9 provided with 'a valve 10 leads through the' casing and to the central portion 6 vof the member 5. The

valve 10 is limited in its lower travel byY means of a ledge llvand may' be restricted in its upward travel by means of an adjust able nut 12 on the lower end of the valve stem 13. An outlet/14C leadsfrom the central portion 6 of the member 5 through the cas-l ing 1 and is provided with a spring-pressed' valve 15. The valve `V15 is limited in its upward travel by the ledge v16 and is normally maintained against this. ledge by means of On one side of the member '5 is reciprocally mounted the member 18, whichmember 18 is provided witha series of flanges or walls or projections 19 corresponding to and oppositely disposed with respect to .y the grooves 7y of the members. The walls or flanges 19y lare somewhatless in Vthiclness than the width of the grooves 7 so as to leave narrow passages 20 `and. 21 on each sideof the walls 19, as more'clearly shown inv Fig. 3.' Y

The member 18 is provided withV a rod 242 passing through the bearing 4 land connected at'its upper end to a connecting rod 23 which in turn is connected to the crank pin 24, which is mounted at the end of the crank provided on the power shaft 25.

A modification of the reciprocating` member 18 is shown in Fig. il. ln this modifica tion, the member 18 which is provided with walls or flanges 19 is connected by means of two connecting rods 22 to the cranks 23 which cranks are connected by means of the shafts 24 to the gear wheels 25', which mesh with eachother and revolve in opposite directlons to impart reciprocatory motion to the member 18.

lThe operation of the device is as follows when it is used either` as a pump or prime mover. 'llhe power shaft 25 is set in motion and by means of the connections to the member 18, the member 18 is caused to reciprocate to and fro as will be readily understood. `When the member 18 is caused to recede from the member a vacuum or suction will be created in t-hespace S between the members 18 and 5. This vacuum or suction will cause the valve to open and fluid from a supply not shown will be drawn into the space S through the inlet 9. At the same time there will be an initial setting,Y up of movement of fluid horizontally toward the space S through the restricting or obstructed path defined by the walls of the grooves 7 vand the sides of the flanges 19. The fluid moving through this restricted or obstructed path will encounter considerable friction and reaction which vwill thus permit it to move less readily than the fluid through the inlet 9 to lill the space or chamber S.

When the member 18 reverses its direction of travel and begins to move toward the member 5, pressure will be developed in the chamber or space S, thereby causing` the valve 1() to be closed and forcing the valve open, thus driving the fluid out through the outlet 14:. At the same time, the pressure in the chamber S will have artendency to force the fluid out in horizontal directions through the restricted path between the side walls of the grooves 7 and the sides of the walls 19. 'lhe out-How of fluid through this path will be considerably retarded by the great friction encountered therein. lf the fluid being operated upon is a liquid and a portion ot the same is forced out overl the periphery of the member 5, it will flow out of the casingV 1 through the outlet 2 and may be again introduced through the inlet 9 from which the major portion of the same will be drawn through the chamber S and forced out through the outlet 14e A lt has been found practicable to operate'the device at a very high' rate of speed, say, at a speed greater than one thousand revolutions per minute of the shafts 25. ln this way,

vith the proper design and proportioning of the parts, the reciprocations of the member 18 can be made to synchronize with the ifrrneeo inflow and outflow of fluid in the horizontal plane so that the inertia of the fluid moving inwardly on a horizontal plane toward the chamber S can be made to aid in preventing leakage through the grooves 'l' and out over the periphery of the member 5. ln a similar way, the motion imparted 'to the fluid in an outwardly direction from the chamber S can be made to resist the indrawing of the fluid toward the chamber S on the upward movement of the member 18 by correctly timing the reciprocations of the member 18.

lt is intended that the fluid which is pumped shall also be used as the sealing fluid. @lily one Huid passes through the valve system and duringv this passage the fluid acts as a seal. As the fluid which passes through the valve system and through the space S also acts as a` seal. it is .entirely immaterial whether such a fluid constitutes either a mixture of liquids or gases or whether it is composed of but a single gas or liquid. `When a mixture of either is used there is no necessity of separating them.

lllliile the device has been described in detail for functioning` as a pump, it is possible to also apply the principle of the inertia of the fluid to sealing the explosive gases el an internal combustion engine on the one hand, or the steam of a steam engine on the other.

l find that steel is a very suitable material with which to construct the parts when the device is to be used in connection with steam or hot gases. For the handling` of various chemical solutions. the material ot' which the parts should be constructed will depend. of course, upon the solution to be handled. and would necessarily vary as the case will require. l find, however, that for pumping nitric acid solutions, aluminum is an effective material, and for pumping' sulphuric acid, antimonial lead gives goed results. l/Vhen viscous material is used l prefer a free cutting brass or bronze, provided, of course, that the same does not affect the material pumped.

rlhe shape of the llanpges and grooves vari' with the character of the u'iedium pumped. lWith solutions of the ordinary densities. it is desirable to have a slightly greater ratio of space between the vertical walls of the first and each succeeding flange and `groove, from the center, outward, as illustrated in Fig. 3. When handling gases, it is desirable to restrict the area of the openingsas much as possible so that the velocity of the material past each flange and groove will be as uniform as possible.

rll`he proportions ofthe spaces between the flanges and grooves change also for the best efficiencies with the characterof the material handled. TWith solutions, the flanges should. be made as narrow as consistent with strength. For gases, the flanges may be made much wider when used as internal combustion engine, but if used asV a compressor, the flanges may be made as thin as consistent 4with strength as above-referred to with respect to solutions.

As changes of construction could be made within the scope of my invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desirev to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. The herein described pnocess which comprises setting fluid in motion toward an expanding chamber and utilizing the inertia of said fluid to resist leakage from saidv chamber.

2. The herein described process which comprises setting fluid in motion towards an expanding chamber and utilizing the inertia of said fluid to resist leakage from said chamber while said chamber is-contracting.

3. The herein described process which comprises setting luid in motion through the open side walls of an expanding chamber and utilizing the inertia of said fluid to resist leakage from said chamber while said chamber is contracting.

4. The herein described process which comprises setting fluid in motion through a narrow channel towards an expanding chamber and utilizing the inertia of said fluid and its friction with the walls of said channel to resist leakage from said chamber while said chamber is contracting.

. 5. The Nherein described process whichv comprises causing movement of a layer of fluid towards and away from a chamber that is caused to expand and contract alternately, and simultaneously causing more luid to be alternately introduced into and expelled from said chamber during Said movement.

6. The herein described process which comprises causing movement of a layer of fluid towards and away from a chamber that is caused to expand and contract alternately and simultaneously causing more fluid to be alternately introduced into said chamber at one place and expelled from said chamber at another place during said movements.

7. The herein describedv process which comprises setting uid in motion towards the sides and one end of an expanding chamber and utilizing the fluid at the side of said vchamber to resist leakage while said chamber is contracting to expel fluid from the end of said chamber. 1`

8. In a device of the class described, a

" disc provided with a plurality of channels,

' outlet valves, means to admit fluid betweensaid discs and withdraw itsuccessively over -the said flanges.

9. In a device of thev class described, a disc provided with a plurality of channels,

a disc provided with a plurality of corresponding flanges, said discs being movable relatively {to each other, means to admit fluid between said discs, and means to withdraw the said fluid from between said discs successively over said flanges and past said grooves.

10. In a device of the class described, a working chamber surrounded on its sides by a series of registering grooves` and flanges .and means to admit fluid to and withdraw fluid from said chamber successively over said llanges and past said grooves.

11. In a device of the class described,'a workingchamber surrounded on itssides by a series of registering grooves and flanges, formin a channel therein, and means to cause a ternate expansion and contraction of `said chamber, to admit fluid thereto and forcethe said fluid therefrom through said channel. y

12. In a device of the class described, a pair of superposed discs, said discs being movable relatively to each other and free at their peripheries forming an open space therebetween, inlet and outlet passages leading to and from the center of the space between'the discs, anoutlet passage leading from the peripheries of the discs, and means to admit fluid between said discs and cause the said fluid to flow therebetween from center to circumference in a substantially radial direction and to expel the same fluid from between said discs at ltheir peripheries and also at the centrally disposed outlet.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand at the borough of Manhattan, city, county and State of New York, this 28th day of June, 1920.

FRANK L. ANTISELL.

In presence of:

JOHN J. RANAGAN. 

